du - estimate file space usage
du [OPTION]... [FILE]...
du [OPTION]... --files0-from=F
Summarize device usage of the set of FILEs, recursively for
directories.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short
options too.
- -0, --null
- end each output line with NUL, not newline
- -a, --all
- write counts for all files, not just directories
- --apparent-size
- print apparent sizes rather than device usage; although the apparent size
is usually smaller, it may be larger due to holes in ('sparse') files,
internal fragmentation, indirect blocks, and the like
- -B,
--block-size=SIZE
- scale sizes by SIZE before printing them; e.g., '-BM' prints sizes in
units of 1,048,576 bytes; see SIZE format below
- -b, --bytes
- equivalent to '--apparent-size --block-size=1'
- -c, --total
- produce a grand total
- -D,
--dereference-args
- dereference only symlinks that are listed on the command line
- -d,
--max-depth=N
- print the total for a directory (or file, with --all) only if it is
N or fewer levels below the command line argument;
--max-depth=0 is the same as --summarize
- --files0-from=F
- summarize device usage of the NUL-terminated file names specified in file
F; if F is -, then read names from standard input
- -H
- equivalent to --dereference-args (-D)
- -h,
--human-readable
- print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
- --inodes
- list inode usage information instead of block usage
- -k
- like --block-size=1K
- -L,
--dereference
- dereference all symbolic links
- -l,
--count-links
- count sizes many times if hard linked
- -m
- like --block-size=1M
- -P,
--no-dereference
- don't follow any symbolic links (this is the default)
- -S,
--separate-dirs
- for directories do not include size of subdirectories
- --si
- like -h, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
- -s,
--summarize
- display only a total for each argument
- -t,
--threshold=SIZE
- exclude entries smaller than SIZE if positive, or entries greater than
SIZE if negative
- --time
- show time of the last modification of any file in the directory, or any of
its subdirectories
- --time=WORD
- show time as WORD instead of modification time: atime, access, use, ctime
or status
- --time-style=STYLE
- show times using STYLE, which can be: full-iso, long-iso, iso, or +FORMAT;
FORMAT is interpreted like in 'date'
- -X,
--exclude-from=FILE
- exclude files that match any pattern in FILE
- --exclude=PATTERN
- exclude files that match PATTERN
- -x,
--one-file-system
- skip directories on different file systems
- --help
- display this help and exit
- --version
- output version information and exit
Display values are in units of the first available SIZE from
--block-size, and the DU_BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE and BLOCKSIZE
environment variables. Otherwise, units default to 1024 bytes (or 512 if
POSIXLY_CORRECT is set).
The SIZE argument is an integer and optional unit (example: 10K is
10*1024). Units are K,M,G,T,P,E,Z,Y,R,Q (powers of 1024) or KB,MB,...
(powers of 1000). Binary prefixes can be used, too: KiB=K, MiB=M, and so
on.
PATTERN is a shell pattern (not a regular expression). The pattern
? matches any one character, whereas * matches any string
(composed of zero, one or multiple characters). For example, *.o will
match any files whose names end in .o. Therefore, the command
- du --exclude='*.o'
will skip all files and subdirectories ending in .o
(including the file .o itself).
Written by Torbjorn Granlund, David MacKenzie, Paul Eggert, and
Jim Meyering.
GNU coreutils online help:
<https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report any translation bugs to
<https://translationproject.org/team/>
Copyright © 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License
GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
<https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO
WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
Full documentation
<https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/du>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) du invocation'